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McIntosh apples on a tree McIntosh Origin, 1811 The McIntosh ( ), McIntosh Red, or colloquially the Mac, is an, the national apple of Canada. The fruit has red and green skin, a tart flavour, and tender white flesh, which ripens in late September. In the 20th century it was the most popular cultivar in and, and is considered an all-purpose apple, suitable both for cooking and eating raw. Employee named the line of personal computers after the fruit.
Discovered the original McIntosh sapling on his farm in in 1811. He and his wife bred it, and the family started grafting the tree and selling the fruit in 1835. In 1870, it entered commercial production, and became common in northeastern North America after 1900. While still important in production, the fruit's popularity fell in the early 21st century in the face of competition from varieties such as the. According to the website it is one of the fifteen most popular apple cultivars in the United States. A McIntosh illustrated in 1901 The McIntosh apple is a small- to medium-sized round fruit with a short stem.
It has a red and green skin that is thick, tender, and easy to peel. Its white flesh is sometime tinged with green or pink and is juicy, tender, and firm, soon becoming soft. The flesh is easily bruised. The fruit is considered 'all-purpose', suitable both for eating raw and for cooking.
It is used primarily for dessert, and requires less time to cook than most cultivars. It is usually blended when used for juice. The fruit grows best in cool areas where nights are cold and autumn days are clear; otherwise, it suffers from poor colour and soft flesh, and tends to fall from the tree before harvest. It stores for two to three months in air, but is prone to, flesh softening, chilling sensitivity,. It can become when stored at temperatures below 2 °C (36 °F). The fruit is optimally stored in a in which temperatures are between 1.7 and 3.0 °C (35.1 and 37.4 °F), and air content is 1.5–4.5% oxygen and 1–5% carbon dioxide; under such conditions, the McIntosh will keep for five to eight months. Cultivation The McIntosh is most commonly cultivated in Canada, the United States, and eastern Europe.
The parentage of the McIntosh is unknown, but the Snow Apple (or Fameuse), Fall St Lawrence, and Alexander have been speculated. It is one of the top five apple cultivars used in cloning, and research indicates the McIntosh combines well for winter hardiness. If unsprayed, the McIntosh succumbs easily to, which may lead to entire crops being unmarketable. It has generally low susceptibility to,.
It is susceptible to fungal diseases such as canker, race 1 of (but resists race 2). It is moderately resistant to and, and resists brown leaf spot well. The McIntosh is one of the most common cultivars used in cloning; a 1996 study found that the McIntosh was a parent in 101 of 439 cultivars selected, more than any other founding clone. It was used in over half of the Canadian cultivars selected, and was used extensively in the United States and Eastern Europe as well; rarely was it used elsewhere. Offsprings of the McIntosh include: the hybrid the, the hybrid the, the; the; the Jonamac, the Jersey Mac, the Lobo, the, the Summered, the Tydeman's Red, and possibly the.
History Apple trees were introduced to Canada at the (modern ) as early as 1606 by French settlers. Following its introduction, apple cultivation spread inland. The McIntosh's discoverer, (1777 – c. 1845–46), left his native home in New York State in 1796 to follow his love, Dolly Irwin, who had been taken to by her parents. She had died by the time he found her, but he settled as a farmer in Upper Canada. He married Hannah Doran in 1801, and they farmed along the until 1811, when McIntosh exchanged the land he had with his brother-in-law Edward Doran for a plot in. While clearing the overgrown plot McIntosh discovered some wild apple seedlings on his farm.
The First Mac Computer
He transplanted the seedlings next to his house. One of the seedlings bore particularly good fruit. The McIntosh grandchildren dubbed the fruit it produced 'Granny's apple', as they often saw their grandmother taking care of the tree in the orchard. McIntosh was selling seedlings from the tree by 1820, but they did not produce fruit of the quality of the original. John McIntosh's son Allan (1815–1899) learned about 1835; with this cloning the McIntoshes could maintain the distinctive properties of the fruit of the original tree.
Allan and brother Sandy (1825–1906), nicknamed 'Sandy the Grafter', increased production and promotion of the cultivar. Earliest sales were in 1835, and in 1836 the cultivar was renamed the 'McIntosh Red'; it entered commercial production in 1870. The apple became popular after 1900, when the first sprays for were developed. A house fire damaged the original McIntosh tree in 1894; it last produced fruit in 1908, and died and fell over in 1910. Horticulturist William Tyrrell Macoun of the in is credited with popularizing the McIntosh in Canada. He stated the McIntosh needed 'no words of praise', that it was 'one of the finest appearing and best dessert apples grown'.
The Macoun, a hybrid of the McIntosh and Jersey Black grown by the Agricultural Experiment Station in Geneva, NY, was named for him in 1923. In the northeastern United States the McIntosh replaced a large number of that were killed in a severe winter in 1933–34.
In the late 1940s, Canadian ambassador to the United Nations told Soviet Minister for Foreign Affairs that the McIntosh Red was Canada's best apple. – The McIntosh made up 40% of the Canadian apple market by the 1960s; and at least thirty varieties of McIntosh hybrid were known by 1970. An apple in a market. Its popularity later waned in the face of competition from foreign imports; in the first decade of the 21st century, the accounted for 33% of the apple market in Ontario to the McIntosh's 12%, and the had become the preferred apple for pies. Production remained important to Ontario, however, as 30,000,000 kilograms (66,000,000 lb) of McIntoshes were produced in 2010.
The original tree discovered by John McIntosh bore fruit for more than ninety years, and died in 1910. Horticulturalists from the heritage park saved cuttings from the last known first-generation McIntosh graft before it died in 2011 for producing clones. Cultural significance. 's line of personal computers was named after the fruit. The McIntosh has been designated the national apple of Canada.
A popular subscription funded a plaque placed 100 metres (110 yd) from the original McIntosh tree in 1912. The replaced the plaque with a more descriptive one in 1962, and the put up another in a park nearby in 2001, by a painted mural commemorating the fruit.
Employee named the line of personal computers after the McIntosh. He deliberately misspelled the name to avoid conflict with the hi-fi equipment manufacturer. Apple's attempt in 1982 to trademark the name Macintosh was nevertheless denied due to the phonetic similarity between Apple's product and the name of the hi-fi manufacturer. Apple licensed the rights to the name in 1983, and bought the trademark in 1986. In 1995 the commissioned Toronto artist to design a commemorative for release in 1996. Mint engraver Sheldon Beveridge engraved the image of a group of three McIntoshes and a McIntosh blossom which adorn one side with a ribbon naming the variety. An inscription on the edge reads '1796 Canada Dollar 1996'.
Issued sheathed in a silver cardboard sleeve in a black leatherette case, 133,779 pieces of the proof were sold, as well as 58,834 pieces of the uncirculated version in a plastic capsule and silver sleeve. The same study found that 64% of the cultivars selected came from five founding clones: in descending order, the McIntosh, the, the, the, and the.
Several print and online sources, as well as the 1996 commemorative silver dollar, have mistakenly stated 1796 as the year of the McIntosh's discovery. 1796 was the year of McIntosh's immigration to Canada. The confusion may have stemmed from an error on the 1912 plaque erected by the McIntosh family. Dundela is about 70km south of, the Canadian capital. The 'Gem' was also considered as a name for the apple. References. Boyle, Terry (2011).
January–February 2002. Archived from on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 2013-06-17. CBC News staff (2011-08-25). Retrieved 2013-06-17. Davidson, Alan (2014).
Oxford University Press. Ferree, David David Curtis; Warrington, I. Fox, Mark (2010-06-30).
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World Coin News. Retrieved 2013-06-18. Gollner, Adam Leith (2008). Kearney, Mark; Ray, Randy (2002). Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2012). Linzmayer, Owen W. Noiton, Dominique A.M.; Alspach, Peter A.
(September 1996). Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science (121): 773–782. Retrieved 2013-06-18.
Small, Ernest (2009). NRC Research Press. Tapper, Josh (2011-10-15). Retrieved 2013-06-17. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to., Archives of Ontario YouTube channel.